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Ancient sculpture art

西方古代时期的雕塑在很长的一段时间里主要是为图腾、魔法和宗教服务。在美洲，墨西哥的普勃洛州的特华坎河谷是伟大的中美洲文化的诞生地，而后在墨西哥湾地区出现了当时最先进的古典前期文化，即奥尔麦克文化。

Western ancient period sculpture in very long period of time is mainly for the totem, magical and religious services. In America, Mexico Puboluo state Tehuakan Valley is the birthplace of the great Mesoamerican culture, then in the Mexico Bay area appeared in pre classical culture was the most advanced, namely the ORR Mike culture.

它被喻为墨西哥文明的前身。公元前300年左右玛雅文化开始出现并发展，它继承了中美洲文化传统，发展了大型雕塑，如神庙等。14世纪上半叶，墨西哥土著阿兹台克人统治了墨西哥河谷，建立了君主专制王国，形成了阿兹台克文化。16世纪时，西班牙人征服了阿兹台克王朝，接着向南方掠夺并统治了印加文化的发源地——秘鲁。在非洲文化中，雕塑是最重要的美术形式之一。黑非洲的浮雕和圆雕大都是木制的，但也有石材、金属和陶瓷。它大致分为两类：一类是民间美术，为宗教、魔法服务，也有表现自身生活的作品；另一类是为统治阶级服务的宫廷美术。这两类雕塑都内容丰富、形式多样，富有装饰性，富有表现

It is known as the predecessor of Mexico civilization. BC 300 years or so of Maya culture began to emerge and develop, it inherits the tradition in American culture, the development of large-scale sculptures such as temple, etc.. The upper half of the fourteenth Century, the Mexico native Aztecs ruled the valley of Mexico, established the kingdom of absolute monarchy, the formation of the Aztec culture. In sixteenth Century, the Spanish conquest of the Aztec empire, then to the south of plunder and ruled the Inca culture birthplace -- Peru. In Africa culture, sculpture is one of the most important art form. Black African reliefs and sculpture in the round is mostly made of wood, but also have the stone, metal and ceramic. It is broadly divided into two categories: one category is the folk art, religion, magic service, also had their own life works; another kind is to serve the ruling class of the palace of fine arts. The two kind of sculpture are rich in content and form, decorative, rich

雕塑

Sculpture

力，视觉冲击力强。至今黑非洲雕塑仍具有独特魅力。古埃及文化是非洲文化长河中一颗灿烂的星星。古埃及雕刻是雕塑与建筑完美结合的艺术典范，具有历史性纪念碑似的宏伟、博大和非常高的艺术成就。如某些浮雕为了保持建筑的平面性，压缩体积与绘画形式中的线的组合，达到了一种新奇的艺术效果。

Force, strong visual impact. So far the black African sculpture is unique charm. The ancient Egyptian culture is a bright star of African culture. Ancient Egyptian sculpture is the art of sculpture and architecture model with perfect, historic monuments like grand, Bo Dahe very high artistic achievement. As some relief in order to keep the building plane, combined compression volume and form of painting lines, reached a new artistic effect.

大洋洲和非洲有些文化是相似的。例如大洋洲的美术、雕刻也是为宗教和社会需要服务的。大洋洲雕塑中最著名的是复活节岛上的巨大石像。

Oceania and some African cultures are similar. For example, Oceania fine arts, sculpture is also for the religious and social needs of service. Oceania sculpture is most famous is the huge stone statues of Easter island.

欧洲古典时期的艺术是一种在赤贫后产生的新的美术形式，这种美术形式给后来整个西方美术发展带来了深远的影响。希腊雕塑家努力地使他们的作品显示出活力，他们努力并迅速地学习掌握了人体解剖结构，并逐渐取代了早期的“几何”风格，形成了最重要的人体法则，即把人的重心放在一条腿上，另一条腿则保持松弛。从而利用这一动态的视觉错觉，在无知觉的石头上表现出形体外部的松紧和内部的运动。它标志了雕塑古典时期的真正来临。同时，在古典时期浮雕也取得了很高的艺术成就。此外，古罗马在艺术上深受希腊的影响，但仍保持其自身的特色。特别是在肖像雕塑上，他们更注重客观对象，追求个性化，而非希腊的理想化。

European classical period of art is a kind of produce in abject poverty of the new art form, this art form to the subsequent development of Western art has brought the profound influence. Greek sculptor to make their works show vitality, they try hard and quickly learn the anatomy structure, and gradually replaced the earlier "geometric" style, form the most important human law, which put the center of gravity in the leg, the other leg remained relaxation. Thus the use of the dynamic visual illusions, exhibits an elastic and internal motion form external in the unconscious stone. It marks the true advent of sculpture of the classical period. At the same time, a very high artistic achievement also has been made in the classical period of relief. In addition, the ancient Rome in the arts by the Greek influence, but still maintained its own characteristics. Especially in the portrait sculpture, they pay more attention to the object, the pursuit of personalized, rather than an idealistic greek.

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